Eczema care

Living with eczema means dealing with uncomfortable, itchy skin that disrupts your daily life. You’re not alone. Millions of people manage this chronic condition, and with the right care, you can too.

Whether you’re experiencing mild irritation or persistent flare-ups, expert dermatology treatment can help you find relief, restore your skin’s health and regain your confidence.

What is eczema?

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes red, itchy, dry patches. It occurs when your skin’s natural barrier is compromised, making it more susceptible to irritants and allergens.

Although eczema is common in children, it can develop at any age and often results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. While eczema can’t be cured, effective eczema treatment and care can be managed by a dermatologist with personalized treatment plans and lifestyle changes.

What causes eczema?

The exact cause of eczema isn’t fully understood, but research points to several key factors:

• Genetics: Family history of eczema, allergies or asthma increases your risk.
• Immune system dysfunction: Overactive immune response triggers inflammation.
• Skin barrier defects: A compromised skin barrier allows moisture to escape and irritants to enter.
• Environmental factors: Exposure to allergens, irritants and climate conditions can trigger development.

Eczema often results from a combination of these factors.

Types of eczema

Eczema encompasses several distinct types, each with unique characteristics:

• Atopic dermatitis: Often associated with allergies and asthma, causing widespread dry, itchy skin
• Contact dermatitis: Develops from exposure to irritants or allergens, leading to localized rashes
• Dyshidrotic eczema: Appears as itchy blisters on hands and feet, commonly triggered by stress or moisture
• Nummular eczema: Presents as circular patches of irritated skin, typically on the arms or legs
• Seborrheic dermatitis: Affects areas with oil-producing glands, leading to redness and flaking on the scalp or face

Symptoms of eczema

Eczema presents with a range of symptoms that can vary in intensity. Common signs include persistent itching that may interfere with sleep or daily routines, along with red, inflamed skin that often feels warm to the touch.

Many people experience dry, scaly patches that can become rough or cracked, and in some cases the skin may weep or ooze, which can increase the risk of infection. Over time, repeated scratching can lead to thickened, discolored areas of skin.

Flare-up triggers of eczema

Eczema flare-ups can be caused by specific triggers, including:

• Allergens: Dust mites, pet dander or pollen can irritate sensitive skin.
• Irritants: Harsh soaps, detergents or chemicals often exacerbate symptoms.
• Stress: Emotional stress can affect your immune system, worsening eczema.
• Weather changes: Dry or cold air can strip skin of moisture, leading to irritation.
• Foods: Certain food allergies, like dairy or nuts, may aggravate symptoms.
• Sweat: Excess moisture can cause itching and irritation in sensitive areas.

Diagnosis of eczema

Diagnosing eczema typically involves a thorough physical exam conducted by a dermatologist. During the consultation, a dermatologist will assess your symptoms, skin condition and medical history.

For contact dermatitis, patch testing may be performed to identify specific irritants or allergens that trigger your symptoms.

Treatment for eczema

Seeing a dermatologist can help provide relief with proven eczema treatments tailored to your needs:

• Moisturizers and emollients: Keep skin hydrated and strengthen your protective barrier to reduce irritation.
• Topical corticosteroids: Calm inflammation and eliminate itching fast during flare-ups.
• Antihistamines: Stop the itch and get the restful sleep you need for healing.
• Nonsteroidal prescription creams: Improve severe or resistant eczema with clinically-proven formulas. These are prescribed when eczema is not controlled by topical corticosteroids.
• Phototherapy: Reduce inflammation safely and effectively with medical-grade light treatment.
• Biologic medications: Target the root cause of severe eczema with breakthrough therapies.

When eczema goes untreated, it can lead to several complications. Cracked or weeping skin may become vulnerable to bacterial or fungal infections, and persistent itching often disrupts restful sleep. Repeated scratching can cause long-term thickening or changes in the skin’s appearance. The chronic nature of eczema may also affect mental health, contributing to anxiety, depression or reduced self-confidence.

Living with eczema

Living with eczema can be challenging, but with the right strategies, you can keep it under control. Start by establishing a daily skincare routine with gentle, fragrance-free products to maintain hydration and strengthen your skin barrier. Avoid known triggers like harsh chemicals, allergens or scratchy fabrics. Wearing breathable, soft clothing and managing stress through relaxation techniques can also minimize flare-ups. Partnering with a dermatologist for ongoing eczema care ensures your treatment plan is tailored to your needs and provides effective solutions for symptom relief.

Eczema doesn’t have to define your life. Our expert eczema care helps you manage flare-ups, find effective treatments and regain confidence in your skin.