Rheumatoid arthritis care

There is a misconception among some people that stiffness and joint pain can be attributed simply to age and weight. While it’s true that natural wear and tear can result in the development of osteoarthritis and may exacerbate cartilage degradation in other forms of joint disease, they’re not only the factors to consider. When it comes to rheumatoid arthritis, genetic predisposition, hormonal influences and environmental factors like smoking also play a role.

If you’ve been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis or are experiencing persistent joint pain, swelling and fatigue, it’s important to recognize how your condition differs from other joint diseases. Our rheumatology specialists have the knowledge and experience necessary to help you better understand your condition, as well as provide personalized care plans designed to manage your symptoms, slow disease progression and improve your quality of life.

What is rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects the joints and can impact many aspects of your daily life. Unlike some other types of arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy joint tissue. This causes inflammation that can thicken the synovium, the lining of the membranes that surround your joints, and eventually damage cartilage and bone within the joint itself.

Common rheumatoid arthritis symptoms include joint pain, swelling, stiffness (especially in the morning or after periods of rest), fatigue and low-grade fever. Rheumatoid arthritis often affects joints symmetrically, meaning the same joints on both sides of the body — such as both hands and wrists or both feet and ankles — are involved. It can also affect other organs, including the skin, eyes, lungs and heart.

Without proper care, symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis can worsen over time, interfering with your ability to stay active and independent. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical in preventing long-term joint damage and preserving function.

To see a specialist for rheumatoid arthritis, talk with your primary care provider. They can give you a referral to be evaluated.

Types of rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis can present in different forms depending on the stage and characteristics of the disease. Common classifications include:

• Early-stage rheumatoid arthritis: This phase occurs when symptoms first begin, often including mild joint pain and stiffness. Early intervention during this stage can significantly slow disease progression.
• Established rheumatoid arthritis: At this stage, inflammation may be more persistent, and joint damage may begin to occur. Ongoing treatment is essential to manage symptoms and prevent further complications.
• Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis: This is the most common type of rheumatoid arthritis. It is identified through blood tests that detect specific antibodies, such as rheumatoid factor (RF) or anti-CCP. It is often associated with more severe rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and joint damage.
• Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis: In this form, blood tests do not show the typical antibodies, but patients still experience joint inflammation and other common symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation and imaging.

Rheumatoid arthritis treatments

Treating rheumatoid arthritis focuses on controlling inflammation, relieving symptoms and preventing joint and organ damage. Mount Nittany Health’s rheumatology specialists will develop a personalized care plan that may include:

• Rheumatoid arthritis medications: Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologics and anti-inflammatory medications can help slow disease progression and reduce symptoms.
• Physical therapy: Mount Nittany Health offers exercise programs designed to maintain joint flexibility and strengthen surrounding muscles to improve function and reduce pain.
• Occupational therapy: Our occupational therapists can help you adapt daily activities and recommend tools that reduce strain on your joints.
• Lifestyle changes: Regular activity, a balanced diet, stress management and adequate rest can support overall health and reduce flare-ups.
• Surgical options: In cases of severe joint damage, procedures such as joint repair or replacement may be recommended to restore mobility and function. Mount Nittany Health offers virtual education classes to help you prepare for your surgery.

Managing rheumatoid arthritis is an ongoing process, but with the right care, many patients are able to live active, fulfilling lives.

Don’t let rheumatoid arthritis lock you in place. Take the first step forward by scheduling an appointment with Mount Nittany Health. You can move with confidence knowing our rheumatology specialists are there to guide you on your journey toward renewed mobility with minimal pain.